为确保岩溶区基坑施工安全，基于工程实际，先开展项目区岩溶发育特征分析，并通过基坑变形组合预测成果构建变形预警指标，实现其预警分级研究。分析结果表明，基坑区内基岩的溶洞率36.28%，线溶洞率7.32%，溶洞规模0.45～3.46 m，具强烈的岩溶发育特征；同时，在变形预测过程中，组合预测结果具有较优的预测精度，可充分验证本文预测思路是合理有效的，且经预警分析，坑顶水平位移、深层水平位移的预警等级为Ⅲ级，地表沉降的预警等级为Ⅱ～Ⅲ级，坑底竖向位移的预警等级为Ⅱ级，因此，按不利原则，基坑后续施工应按Ⅲ级预警。本文研究可为基坑安全施工提供理论指导，为类似工程提供一定的参考。

To ensure the safety of foundation pit construction in karst areas， based on practical engineering conditions， a preliminary analysis of the karst development characteristics in the project area was conducted. A deformation warning index was then established using the combined deformation prediction results to achieve a graded warning study. The analysis results indicate that the karst cave ratio within the foundation pit area is 36.28%， the linear cave ratio is 7.32%， and the cave size ranges from 0.45 to 3.46 meters， demonstrating strong karst development characteristics. Additionally， during the deformation prediction process， the combined prediction results exhibited relatively high accuracy， fully validating the rationality and effectiveness of the predictive approach proposed in the paper. Through warning analysis， the warning levels for horizontal displacement at the pit top， deep horizontal displacement， and surface settlement were classified as Level III， while the warning level for vertical displacement at the pit bottom was Level II. Therefore， adhering to the adverse principle， subsequent pit construction should proceed under Level III warning conditions. This study provides theoretical guidance for safe foundation pit construction and offers valuable references for similar projects.